That frame rate is quite low, and users would experience the associated progression of images on-screen as choppy. The majority of frame rate measurements were below six frames per second (fps), both while the application was idle and as it performed the various tasks tested. Frame rates while performing various application tasks. An early set of results from those measurements is shown in Figure 2. For a broad representation, frame-rate measurements were taken over sampling periods approximately 10-15 seconds long, while the application was idle, as well as while the anatomical model was being rotated on-screen and while the view from the user’s perspective was being zoomed in and out. To quantify a key aspect of performance as it relates to user experience, the team monitored the frame rate delivered by the Essential Anatomy application as it performed a range of specific tasks. 1 Preliminary Performance Analysis of the Application Frame-Rate Measurements While significant effort was required to port the application to native code, eliminating any reliance on emulation, the team reported performance gains of approximately 1.55x over the previous version. This approach enabled the use of code optimizations and development tools built specifically to deliver high performance on the Intel Atom processor. These devices are capable of supporting computationally intensive applications, and the platforms are also equipped with Intel Gen7 graphics, which helps support very high-quality graphics quality and performance.Īs a first step in improving the performance of Essential Anatomy, Intel recommended porting the entire application to native code for Intel architecture, as opposed to working from the original code base that was created for ARM*. In particular, both companies were interested in optimizing the Essential Anatomy application for tablets and other devices based on the fourth-generation Intel® Atom™ processor system-on-chip (SoC). The company engaged with Intel to identify opportunities for code optimization that would help create the best user experience possible, including performance headroom to prepare for additional software features and functionality that may be added in the future. As in most such projects, the initial port to Android devices presented opportunities for improvement, to take full advantage of the new platform’s capabilities, in functional areas such as smoothness of movement when manipulating models, particularly when zooming and rotating complex structures with multiple layers. To expand the product’s market potential, the company contracted with an external provider to port it to Android and Microsoft Windows*. User-driven manipulation to expose deeper internal structures.ģD4Medical initially developed Essential Anatomy for iOS and distributed it using the Apple app store. Keeping up with 3D4Medical’s high user-experience standards requires real-time rendering and fluid visual movement through the models, while also smoothly supporting other elements of the app, such as the rich user interface and reference material.įigure 1. The deep levels of detail and accuracy in these anatomical models, as well as the rich capabilities for manipulating them on demand, place enormous burdens on Essential Anatomy’s 3D purpose-built rendering engine. The company continually adds new features, such as animated functional views of anatomical systems and the ability to "slice" through structures, so users can obtain cross-sectional views. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Structures can also be zoomed and rotated, for examination in deep detail, from any angle. The interface provides a virtual body from which users can peel back layers to reveal deeper structures, as well as isolating, comparing, and analyzing elements of the skeletal, circulatory, and nervous systems-among many others-as shown in Figure 1. Students, medical practitioners, and others can manipulate and explore some 4,000 detailed anatomical structures in 3D4Medical’s Essential Anatomy application. To ensure outstanding results from 3D4Medical’s brilliant, interactive teaching and reference application for human anatomy on Android* devices, Intel pinpointed opportunities for performance improvements, helping expand the product’s market potential. Join our communities for Android, Internet of Things, Intel® RealSense™ Technology, and Windows to download tools, access dev kits, share ideas with like-minded developers, and participate in hackathon’s, contests, roadshows, and local events. Intel® Developer Zone offers tools and how-to information for cross-platform app development, platform and technology information, code samples, and peer expertise to help developers innovate and succeed.
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